Archive for May, 2008


Österreich! (Austria)

Note: Yet another backdated post. Actually made public on 2008-06-02

HauptplatzOne of the wonderful things about my particular study abroad is that, due to the timing of the German academic calendar, my stay in Europe overlaps with that of both the spring and summer study abroad students. A friend of mine from the Flatts, Emily W., happens to currently be (split infinitive intended) studying in Graz, Austria for 6 weeks. As Austria happens to be a German-speaking country, I was able to “academically justify” a visit on Thursday, on the grounds that I would be gaining exposure to the dialect and culture. Isn’t it lovely that just about anything I do here can be justified that way ;-)

After taking a night train into Graz and orienting myself—so much easier in a German speaking country—I met up with Emily at the Hauptplatz (Tr. “Main Plaza”; see left) for lunch and we wandered around the city for a bit. I must sincerely thank Emily for helping me avoid my otherwise likely first major misstep of the day; apparently, Guten Tag is considered haughty and supercilious, replaced in function almost completely with Gruß Gott. While wandering, it struck me how similarly the Austrians and Germans carry themselves. Had it not been for the website addresses on posters ending in “.at” and the slight lilt at the end of many words, I could easily have forgotten that I was in a completely different country. On a side note, does anyone else find it sort of funny that the domain names are based on English, rather than German, while that’s not the case for Germany with its “.de”?

Artillery CannonAfter Emily left for another event with her host family, my next major stop was the Zeughaus, the local armory museum. Sadly, cameras are not allowed within the premises, so I am unable to deluge y’all with collages of guns, rifles, swords, axes, spears, shields, breastplates, suits of armor, etc. Of course, there’s only so much variation possible in the design of weapons, as there are certain, ah… functional considerations to be taken into account, but it was rather impressive nonetheless. The public image of medieval weapons of war tends to be colored by our romanticized image of the Middle Ages; one cannot help but confront harsh utilitarianism in examining the actual tools of the trade. Still, the solely decorative carvings on the hilts and handles demonstrated at least some artistic expressiveness.

SchlossbergEmily and I met up again later in the day to climb the Schloßberg. I sort of wonder how many towns in the general area have something similar to the Schloßberg, as both Freiburg and Stauffen have something similar, in the former case even taking the same name. Memo to self: upload photos of Freiburg’s Schoßberg sometime to make a comparison. Another interesting thing we noticed was the greater variety in paint jobs. German buildings, as I might have mentioned, oftentimes have just regular blocks of random color (though pulled off very successfully), at least in Baden-Württemberg. Austrian buildings seem to have a more consistent design, though they’ll sometimes also have random stripes.
Building with a defined color patternRandom stripes of color on a building side

Graz Museum of Modern ArtThe next day, my train to Salzburg didn’t leave until early evening, so I wandered around some more and dropped in by the Graz Museum of Modern Art. I’ve never actually studied modern art in person before, and though visual art still takes a secondary position to the performing arts in my book, I think I finally understand the appeal modern art has to people. Of course, I’m not planning on decorating my room full of Pollack, de Kooning, and Kline (extra points if you get the reference), and I still reserve the right to disparage buckets of paint thrown down on a canvas, but the allure of the abstract seems within comprehension now.


One of the most wonderful things about taking trains as opposed to airplanes is that you get to see so much of the countryside. I made the mistake of taking a night train on my way to Graz, but luckily more than made up for it on the return route. Because there was construction between Graz and Salzburg, we transferred to bus for part of the journey. I must now admit that after seeing the Austrian mountainside at sunset after a rainstorm, that even the Schwarzwald pales in comparison. The pictures below don’t do it justice, mostly because the white balance on my camera doesn’t adjust properly to low light conditions.

I ended up arriving rather late to Salzburg, due in part to the scenic detour (lucky that I had a night in Salzburg already in my travel plans; else I might have had no choice but to add one), and then got to my hostel even later. Word of advice: don’t second guess the bus driver’s directions. But all’s well that ends well.


Unfortunately, due to the way my travel plans worked out, I only had Saturday morning and afternoon until 3pm or so to explore Salzburg. Fortunately, there was time enough to hit several of the major highlights, including Mozart’s Geburtshaus, where he was born, Getriedsgasse, the historical street, and the mountainside Festung (fortress). I even caved in and bought a container of Mozartkugeln, these marzipan-filled chocolate balls, so that I’ll have something to open up in August when I head back home to ol’ Indiana. On a side note, I got in for just 2€ to the Geburtshaus because I’m still only 18 years old, and considered a Schüler (pre-college student) by age ^_^.

Anyways, soon thereafter, it was time to be heading back to Freiburg to do all the homework I put off. So ended my brief Austrian adventure. Hope y’all enjoyed reading :-)

~William~

On Shades of Meaning

When I was first learning German, one of the immediately obvious differences—I mean, besides all the words sounding funny, and the extra letters—was the lack of progressive verbs, z.B. “I am going”. Instead, “ich gehe” though directly translatable to “I go”, also serves to function as “I am going”. Another similar situation is with their past tense: while German has the simple past, “I went” = “ich ging”, the present perfect, “I have gone” = “ich bin gegangen”, and the past perfect, “I had gone” = “ich war gegangen”, they aren’t used for the same purposes. So far as I can tell, when I speak English, I use the three different variants to express shades of meaning. German does use the past perfect to express a different meaning than the other two cases, but doesn’t make a content distinction between the simple past and present perfect; rather, simple past is the tense of written and/or poetic language and the present perfect the preferred means, except for exceedingly commonly used verbs, to speak aloud.

Though German verbs are not very helpful in determining the exact time of the action in question, they provide a far more expressive means of expressing the intent of those actions. Verb prefixes, both separable and inseparable, in many cases, do not actually modify the physical action taking place, but rather describe the context of that action. For instance, “geben” means “to give”, and “abgeben” means the same thing. However, “abgeben” is used whenever the object in question is being permanently transferred, more akin to “to give something up to someone”. Or, in some cases, the prefixes just foreshadow the sentence structure: “antworten” and “beantworten” both mean exactly “to answer”; however, “beantworten” always comes with an answer. i.e. Both verbs could be used in the sentence “The secretary replied, ‘verbs are fun!’ “, but “beantworten” doesn’t fit in the sentence “The secretary answered.”

I’m very curious regarding how the shades of meaning directly expressible through a language are linked to its respective culture. While inexplicit messages are possible through context clues in almost all languages, and it may well be that that culture-language link has long since died, it would still be interesting to go into the past and watch the development of such language characteristics. Maybe I should become a linguist instead of a scientist/doctor/mathematician/etc. ;-D

In other news:

  • Jenna D. and Livy W. visited Tony L. and I just a couple of days ago, though everyone in the previous clause except for me have left (more or less permanently) Freiburg since.
  • I’ve begun filling out the AMCAS, though under the condition that if I cannot write up a satisfactory personal statement within a month, grmed school will at least be postponed, possibly even discarded as an option
  • I almost made it through an extended conversation (with Dunja and Tony the other night after a swing dance) without any German language errors; sadly, about a minute before the end of the conversation, I completely butchered a sentence.
  • However, I’m fast losing my ability to speak English; pretty soon I won’t be competent in any language!
  • Nutella is tasty. Generic Nutella also, but not anywhere near as much

~Wondring William~ (spelling error intended)

On Education: Part 2

Note: I must first apologize deeply for my abuse of both German and English words in this post; mixing languages together in the same sentence can lead to interesting results.

I briefly alluded to the differing meanings of “education” and it’s German equivalent “Bildung” in my last take on the educational system. For those who missed the last post, the take home point is that “Bildung” also refers to creation and cultivation of one’s character, while “education” is defined, at least by Merriam-Webster, as “schooling” or “formal training” in some field of study. Now that I’ve actually begun my University of Freiburg courses, I thought I’d give a couple more commentaries on the matter.

With the exception of the introductory level Vorlesungen (large lecture style classes), it’s generally pretty standard for any Seminare to require a Referat and/or Sitzungsprotokoll and a Hausarbeit an/or Klausur. One of the interesting things about German courses is that different amounts of work are required, depending on for what reason one is attending. A particular class might have in attendance people seeking Master’s degrees, Bachelor’s with a major in the theme, Bachelor’s with a minor in the theme, degrees in teaching, and those (like me) people seeking no degree from the University, especially Ausländer (literally, “from the out-lands”) Studenten, but the Magister-level students are generally held to a higher standard and expected to complete more work, while the Ausländer Studenten might only be required to do a Referat and no final paper or exam, though it varies considerably by the teacher, class, and department.

One of my courses, das Welthandelsregime (World trade contructs), is structured around Referate. During every course period—we meet once a week for officially two hours, but in practice actually ~1.5 hours—the discussion is lead by a pair of students who’ve prepared a short lecture and hand-outs, after which questions will be taken, with the Dozentin (female teacher at the post-secondary level; “Professor” is a reserved title) interjecting important topics and assisting whenever the Referentinnen (the aforementioned students) have problems. In order to receive the Schein (certificate attesting to attendance and participation; serves a very similar function to “credits” in the American system), students need to either complete an academic paper (die Hausarbeit) or the final exam (die Klausur). One of the potential “problems” with a course of this type is that if the student is only doing a Referat and Hausarbeit, it is quite possible for (s)he to get away with doing almost none of the readings, except for on the theme for the two requirements. I’m personally of the opinion that it goes back to the idea self-initiative: students are just expected to keep up. Apparently, though, about a decade ago, due to this problem, many courses began having oral and/or written exams, but it is still to this day dependent on the teacher and department.

My German literature course on Goethe’s Faust is in some ways a bit more similar (ähnlich) to American seminars, in that the Dozentin leads the majority of the discussion. Just like in seminars in the U.S., it’s very easy for students to just let their more confident and/or studious classmates (Klassenkameraden) to respond to questions, etc., and as grading is ostensibly not dependent on class participation, there isn’t really much incentive. Germanistik majors are required to complete an at least 15 page Hausarbeit, the source of a grade, if that’s necessary. For those who don’t need grades, as in for many people, it’s only the Schein that matters, they can just do a Sitzungsprotokoll, which basically is just a quick summary of the topics covered in the previous class period. As before, every opportunity is given for students to learn, but even if they don’t, it’s not really a big deal to the teacher if a grade isn’t required. Though I only have anecdotal evidence for this, it seems as if more people take classes because they enjoy them, rather than just to fulfill requirements. Even those just fulfilling requirements usually just have to take any of a number of courses that satisfies a certain critera (e.g. a modern German literature course, or a course that covers international politics—note though, that generally the course won’t be over “international politics” but rather a subset thereof).

The major exception to the observations is the math courses. Like I mentioned in the previous post, there is almost no difference between my elementary differential geometry course here from the math courses I’ve been visiting at IU. Of course, I should condition that with the caveat that I’ve been taking all honors math courses. Based on my admittedly limited experience with German higher math education at the university, the structure and content tends to be more similar to the honors course at IU in that they’re very much theory-based. If you want something practical, you shouldn’t be going to a “Universität”, but rather “Fachhochschule”. Although I obviously cannot definitely say at this point in the semester, it seems so far that the difficulty of the classes are somewhere between the regular and honors tracks at IU, though definitely closer to the honors track. It is of note, though, that Indiana University, while an amazing school which I wouldn’t for the life of me trade for an “Ivy-league” college, doesn’t have the strongest undergraduate math program in the nation. Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg is considered one of the strongest post-secondary educational institutes in Germany (according to the Exzellenzinitiative), and that might have some effect on the caliber of students.

The one other course I’m taking is through IES (the coordinators of my study abroad), and is taught in a sort of hybrid German/American style, based around Referate, but including a midterm, which almost no German course has. Just today, my partner Ryan P. and I gave a Referat over German neoliberalistic economic and political theory. My only comment thereon is that for a Referat, unlike an American 15-minute powerpoint presentation, one really needs to understand the material, because you can be expected to be grilled on it; there’s no getting away with just knowing what you present.

In conclusion, though this post has been sort of disorganized, it appears to me that German higher education has been considerably influenced by the paradigm of “die Bildung” as the cultivation of the mind; the student is expected to take charge of their own self-improvement, and much emphasis is placed upon truly understanding and being able to present material, rather than just being able to regurgitate the teacher’s or textbook’s words and thoughts. I do not claim to know which system is “better”, but exposure to both philosophy’s has definitely helped me come to realize what I expect out of education. Despite being primarily a hard-sciences major, I place great value on the liberal arts, and I’ve come to the decision that while in pursuit of my PhD, to truly pursue a Doctor of Philosophy as opposed to a Doctor of Science. I may be applying to MD/PhD programs in the Biosciences, but I am attending college to learn how to think and learn, not the specific proteins that regulate mitosis, though I certainly would not be averse to that knowledge. So I should now warn my parents that my goal in the next decade of my life won’t be to get done with school, but rather to spend as much time as necessary to develop myself, even if I end up taking a bit longer on my PhD thesis. We’ll see what happens though.

~William~

Temporary Domain Change

So, I’m in the midst of switching registrars for freetofall.net from enom to godaddy, for several reasons. While the domain is being transferred, this website may or may not end up going temporarily out of service at the freetofall.net address (crossing my fingers against that occurrence). However, free2fall.net, my other domain name which resolves to the same site, should still function properly. The same goes for any email addresses to my freetofall.net domain (which I don’t think anyone uses, but still…)

William

p.s. Yes, I know, this has nothing at all to do with study abroad, but I didn’t categorize it as such either.

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